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Amanda Hahn

Effects of Untreated Mental Illness in Pregnancy


pregnant person in bed

Pregnancy represents a time of profound physical and emotional changes, emphasizing the need to prioritize mental well-being alongside physical health during this transformative journey. Numerous studies have underscored the strong correlation between untreated mental illness and adverse outcomes for expectant parents and their babies. Let's explore the potential risks associated with untreated mental illness during pregnancy:


Consequences of Untreated Mental Illness on the Pregnant Person:

It's imperative to recognize that untreated mental illness can significantly impact the overall well-being of pregnant individuals. According to research conducted by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), approximately 14-23% of pregnant individuals experience depressive symptoms. Shockingly, if these symptoms are left untreated, they can lead to a cascade of negative consequences. These include:


1️⃣ Physical Health Complications: Untreated mental illness can lead to physical health complications for the expectant parent. High levels of stress, often associated with untreated anxiety and depression, can contribute to issues like high blood pressure, which can increase the risk of preeclampsia—a potentially dangerous condition during pregnancy.

2️⃣ Poor Prenatal Care: Mental health challenges can deter individuals from seeking proper prenatal care. This can result in missed appointments, inadequate nutrition, and a lack of essential prenatal vitamins, all of which are vital for a healthy pregnancy.

3️⃣ Substance Abuse: Coping mechanisms for untreated mental illness can sometimes involve substance abuse. Pregnant individuals struggling with mental health issues may turn to drugs or alcohol, which can harm both their own health and the developing fetus.

4️⃣ Complications During Pregnancy and Birth: Research has shown that untreated mental illness can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy and birth. This includes a higher likelihood of preterm birth, which can have long-term health consequences for the baby. Additionally, untreated mental health issues can lead to difficulties during labor and delivery.


Consequences of Untreated Mental Illness on the Developing Fetus:

The impact of untreated perinatal mental health disorders extends to the developing fetus and can include:


1️⃣ Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight: An extensive study published in JAMA Pediatrics has provided compelling evidence that prenatal exposure to maternal depression is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. Preterm birth can lead to a host of health problems for the newborn and may require prolonged hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

2️⃣ Impaired Cognitive and Emotional Development: Untreated anxiety during pregnancy has been linked to impaired cognitive and emotional development in children. This can manifest as developmental delays, behavioral issues, and difficulties in school later in life.

3️⃣ Increased Stress Hormones: Studies have shown that untreated perinatal stress and mental health disorders can lead to increased levels of stress hormones in the developing fetus. This can negatively impact the baby's neurological development and potentially increase the risk of mood and anxiety disorders in the child's future.

4️⃣ Risk of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS): If the expectant parent is using substances as a coping mechanism for their untreated mental illness, the baby is at risk of NAS if born addicted to these substances. NAS can cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn, including tremors, feeding difficulties, and even seizures.


Postpartum Challenges

It's not just during pregnancy that mental health concerns can pose a threat. Addressing these concerns during pregnancy can significantly reduce the likelihood of postpartum mental health difficulties. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 10-20% of individuals experience postpartum depression, with those having a history of mental illness at a higher risk. However, early intervention and support can mitigate these challenges, promoting a healthy and positive postpartum period.


These statistics paint a stark picture of the potential consequences of untreated mental illness during pregnancy. They underscore the importance of early intervention and the need for professional support to safeguard the well-being of pregnant individuals and their precious little ones.


In light of these findings, it is paramount that individuals who experience symptoms of mental illness during pregnancy seek help promptly. Reach out to healthcare providers who specialize in perinatal mental health. They can provide appropriate guidance and care tailored to your unique needs.


It's important to remember that seeking help is not a sign of weakness but rather a demonstration of strength and resilience. In fostering a supportive environment that prioritizes mental health, we collectively contribute to the well-being of all individuals during this transformative phase of life. Together, we can make a meaningful difference.


In conclusion, untreated mental illness during pregnancy poses significant risks, both for the expectant parent and their baby. However, armed with knowledge, support, and early intervention, these risks can be mitigated, allowing for a healthier and happier journey into parenthood.




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